Kim L Ho, Liyan Zhang, Cory Wagg, Rami Al Batran, Keshav Gopal, Jody Levasseur, Teresa Leone, Jason R B Dyck, John R Ussher, Deborah M Muoio, Daniel P Kelly, Gary D Lopaschuk. Cardiovasc Res 2019
Times Cited: 67
Times Cited: 67
Times Cited
Times Co-cited
Similarity
The Failing Heart Relies on Ketone Bodies as a Fuel.
Gregory Aubert, Ola J Martin, Julie L Horton, Ling Lai, Rick B Vega, Teresa C Leone, Timothy Koves, Stephen J Gardell, Marcus Krüger, Charles L Hoppel,[...]. Circulation 2016
Gregory Aubert, Ola J Martin, Julie L Horton, Ling Lai, Rick B Vega, Teresa C Leone, Timothy Koves, Stephen J Gardell, Marcus Krüger, Charles L Hoppel,[...]. Circulation 2016
65
Evidence for Intramyocardial Disruption of Lipid Metabolism and Increased Myocardial Ketone Utilization in Advanced Human Heart Failure.
Kenneth C Bedi, Nathaniel W Snyder, Jeffrey Brandimarto, Moez Aziz, Clementina Mesaros, Andrew J Worth, Linda L Wang, Ali Javaheri, Ian A Blair, Kenneth B Margulies,[...]. Circulation 2016
Kenneth C Bedi, Nathaniel W Snyder, Jeffrey Brandimarto, Moez Aziz, Clementina Mesaros, Andrew J Worth, Linda L Wang, Ali Javaheri, Ian A Blair, Kenneth B Margulies,[...]. Circulation 2016
61
The failing heart utilizes 3-hydroxybutyrate as a metabolic stress defense.
Julie L Horton, Michael T Davidson, Clara Kurishima, Rick B Vega, Jeffery C Powers, Timothy R Matsuura, Christopher Petucci, E Douglas Lewandowski, Peter A Crawford, Deborah M Muoio,[...]. JCI Insight 2019
Julie L Horton, Michael T Davidson, Clara Kurishima, Rick B Vega, Jeffery C Powers, Timothy R Matsuura, Christopher Petucci, E Douglas Lewandowski, Peter A Crawford, Deborah M Muoio,[...]. JCI Insight 2019
53
Multi-dimensional Roles of Ketone Bodies in Fuel Metabolism, Signaling, and Therapeutics.
Patrycja Puchalska, Peter A Crawford. Cell Metab 2017
Patrycja Puchalska, Peter A Crawford. Cell Metab 2017
40
Myocardial fatty acid metabolism in health and disease.
Gary D Lopaschuk, John R Ussher, Clifford D L Folmes, Jagdip S Jaswal, William C Stanley. Physiol Rev 2010
Gary D Lopaschuk, John R Ussher, Clifford D L Folmes, Jagdip S Jaswal, William C Stanley. Physiol Rev 2010
37
Cardiovascular Effects of Treatment With the Ketone Body 3-Hydroxybutyrate in Chronic Heart Failure Patients.
Roni Nielsen, Niels Møller, Lars C Gormsen, Lars Poulsen Tolbod, Nils Henrik Hansson, Jens Sorensen, Hendrik Johannes Harms, Jørgen Frøkiær, Hans Eiskjaer, Nichlas Riise Jespersen,[...]. Circulation 2019
Roni Nielsen, Niels Møller, Lars C Gormsen, Lars Poulsen Tolbod, Nils Henrik Hansson, Jens Sorensen, Hendrik Johannes Harms, Jørgen Frøkiær, Hans Eiskjaer, Nichlas Riise Jespersen,[...]. Circulation 2019
34
Cardiomyocyte-specific deficiency of ketone body metabolism promotes accelerated pathological remodeling.
Rebecca C Schugar, Ashley R Moll, D André d'Avignon, Carla J Weinheimer, Attila Kovacs, Peter A Crawford. Mol Metab 2014
Rebecca C Schugar, Ashley R Moll, D André d'Avignon, Carla J Weinheimer, Attila Kovacs, Peter A Crawford. Mol Metab 2014
32
Suppression of oxidative stress by β-hydroxybutyrate, an endogenous histone deacetylase inhibitor.
Tadahiro Shimazu, Matthew D Hirschey, John Newman, Wenjuan He, Kotaro Shirakawa, Natacha Le Moan, Carrie A Grueter, Hyungwook Lim, Laura R Saunders, Robert D Stevens,[...]. Science 2013
Tadahiro Shimazu, Matthew D Hirschey, John Newman, Wenjuan He, Kotaro Shirakawa, Natacha Le Moan, Carrie A Grueter, Hyungwook Lim, Laura R Saunders, Robert D Stevens,[...]. Science 2013
31
Loss of Metabolic Flexibility in the Failing Heart.
Qutuba G Karwi, Golam M Uddin, Kim L Ho, Gary D Lopaschuk. Front Cardiovasc Med 2018
Qutuba G Karwi, Golam M Uddin, Kim L Ho, Gary D Lopaschuk. Front Cardiovasc Med 2018
31
Cardiac-Specific Bdh1 Overexpression Ameliorates Oxidative Stress and Cardiac Remodeling in Pressure Overload-Induced Heart Failure.
Motoki Uchihashi, Atsushi Hoshino, Yoshifumi Okawa, Makoto Ariyoshi, Satoshi Kaimoto, Shuhei Tateishi, Kazunori Ono, Ryoetsu Yamanaka, Daichi Hato, Yohei Fushimura,[...]. Circ Heart Fail 2017
Motoki Uchihashi, Atsushi Hoshino, Yoshifumi Okawa, Makoto Ariyoshi, Satoshi Kaimoto, Shuhei Tateishi, Kazunori Ono, Ryoetsu Yamanaka, Daichi Hato, Yohei Fushimura,[...]. Circ Heart Fail 2017
35
Empagliflozin, Cardiovascular Outcomes, and Mortality in Type 2 Diabetes.
Bernard Zinman, Christoph Wanner, John M Lachin, David Fitchett, Erich Bluhmki, Stefan Hantel, Michaela Mattheus, Theresa Devins, Odd Erik Johansen, Hans J Woerle,[...]. N Engl J Med 2015
Bernard Zinman, Christoph Wanner, John M Lachin, David Fitchett, Erich Bluhmki, Stefan Hantel, Michaela Mattheus, Theresa Devins, Odd Erik Johansen, Hans J Woerle,[...]. N Engl J Med 2015
29
Ketone body metabolism and cardiovascular disease.
David G Cotter, Rebecca C Schugar, Peter A Crawford. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2013
David G Cotter, Rebecca C Schugar, Peter A Crawford. Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2013
28
Empagliflozin Increases Cardiac Energy Production in Diabetes: Novel Translational Insights Into the Heart Failure Benefits of SGLT2 Inhibitors.
Subodh Verma, Sonia Rawat, Kim L Ho, Cory S Wagg, Liyan Zhang, Hwee Teoh, John E Dyck, Golam M Uddin, Gavin Y Oudit, Eric Mayoux,[...]. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2018
Subodh Verma, Sonia Rawat, Kim L Ho, Cory S Wagg, Liyan Zhang, Hwee Teoh, John E Dyck, Golam M Uddin, Gavin Y Oudit, Eric Mayoux,[...]. JACC Basic Transl Sci 2018
28
Empagliflozin Ameliorates Adverse Left Ventricular Remodeling in Nondiabetic Heart Failure by Enhancing Myocardial Energetics.
Carlos G Santos-Gallego, Juan Antonio Requena-Ibanez, Rodolfo San Antonio, Kiyotake Ishikawa, Shin Watanabe, Belen Picatoste, Eduardo Flores, Alvaro Garcia-Ropero, Javier Sanz, Roger J Hajjar,[...]. J Am Coll Cardiol 2019
Carlos G Santos-Gallego, Juan Antonio Requena-Ibanez, Rodolfo San Antonio, Kiyotake Ishikawa, Shin Watanabe, Belen Picatoste, Eduardo Flores, Alvaro Garcia-Ropero, Javier Sanz, Roger J Hajjar,[...]. J Am Coll Cardiol 2019
26
CV Protection in the EMPA-REG OUTCOME Trial: A "Thrifty Substrate" Hypothesis.
Ele Ferrannini, Michael Mark, Eric Mayoux. Diabetes Care 2016
Ele Ferrannini, Michael Mark, Eric Mayoux. Diabetes Care 2016
25
The ketone metabolite β-hydroxybutyrate blocks NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammatory disease.
Yun-Hee Youm, Kim Y Nguyen, Ryan W Grant, Emily L Goldberg, Monica Bodogai, Dongin Kim, Dominic D'Agostino, Noah Planavsky, Christopher Lupfer, Thirumala D Kanneganti,[...]. Nat Med 2015
Yun-Hee Youm, Kim Y Nguyen, Ryan W Grant, Emily L Goldberg, Monica Bodogai, Dongin Kim, Dominic D'Agostino, Noah Planavsky, Christopher Lupfer, Thirumala D Kanneganti,[...]. Nat Med 2015
22
Increased Cardiac Uptake of Ketone Bodies and Free Fatty Acids in Human Heart Failure and Hypertrophic Left Ventricular Remodeling.
Gabor Voros, Joris Ector, Christophe Garweg, Walter Droogne, Johan Van Cleemput, Nele Peersman, Pieter Vermeersch, Stefan Janssens. Circ Heart Fail 2018
Gabor Voros, Joris Ector, Christophe Garweg, Walter Droogne, Johan Van Cleemput, Nele Peersman, Pieter Vermeersch, Stefan Janssens. Circ Heart Fail 2018
31
Dapagliflozin in Patients with Heart Failure and Reduced Ejection Fraction.
John J V McMurray, Scott D Solomon, Silvio E Inzucchi, Lars Køber, Mikhail N Kosiborod, Felipe A Martinez, Piotr Ponikowski, Marc S Sabatine, Inder S Anand, Jan Bělohlávek,[...]. N Engl J Med 2019
John J V McMurray, Scott D Solomon, Silvio E Inzucchi, Lars Køber, Mikhail N Kosiborod, Felipe A Martinez, Piotr Ponikowski, Marc S Sabatine, Inder S Anand, Jan Bělohlávek,[...]. N Engl J Med 2019
22
The glucose fatty-acid cycle. Its role in insulin sensitivity and the metabolic disturbances of diabetes mellitus.
P J RANDLE, P B GARLAND, C N HALES, E A NEWSHOLME. Lancet 1963
P J RANDLE, P B GARLAND, C N HALES, E A NEWSHOLME. Lancet 1963
22
Ketones can become the major fuel source for the heart but do not increase cardiac efficiency.
Kim L Ho, Qutuba G Karwi, Cory Wagg, Liyan Zhang, Katherina Vo, Tariq Altamimi, Golam M Uddin, John R Ussher, Gary D Lopaschuk. Cardiovasc Res 2021
Kim L Ho, Qutuba G Karwi, Cory Wagg, Liyan Zhang, Katherina Vo, Tariq Altamimi, Golam M Uddin, John R Ussher, Gary D Lopaschuk. Cardiovasc Res 2021
65
Myocardial substrate metabolism in the normal and failing heart.
William C Stanley, Fabio A Recchia, Gary D Lopaschuk. Physiol Rev 2005
William C Stanley, Fabio A Recchia, Gary D Lopaschuk. Physiol Rev 2005
20
Can a Shift in Fuel Energetics Explain the Beneficial Cardiorenal Outcomes in the EMPA-REG OUTCOME Study? A Unifying Hypothesis.
Sunder Mudaliar, Sindura Alloju, Robert R Henry. Diabetes Care 2016
Sunder Mudaliar, Sindura Alloju, Robert R Henry. Diabetes Care 2016
20
Blood ketone bodies in congestive heart failure.
J Lommi, M Kupari, P Koskinen, H Näveri, H Leinonen, K Pulkki, M Härkönen. J Am Coll Cardiol 1996
J Lommi, M Kupari, P Koskinen, H Näveri, H Leinonen, K Pulkki, M Härkönen. J Am Coll Cardiol 1996
19
Cardiac metabolism in heart failure: implications beyond ATP production.
Torsten Doenst, Tien Dung Nguyen, E Dale Abel. Circ Res 2013
Torsten Doenst, Tien Dung Nguyen, E Dale Abel. Circ Res 2013
19
Cardiac insulin-resistance and decreased mitochondrial energy production precede the development of systolic heart failure after pressure-overload hypertrophy.
Liyan Zhang, Jagdip S Jaswal, John R Ussher, Sowndramalingam Sankaralingam, Cory Wagg, Michael Zaugg, Gary D Lopaschuk. Circ Heart Fail 2013
Liyan Zhang, Jagdip S Jaswal, John R Ussher, Sowndramalingam Sankaralingam, Cory Wagg, Michael Zaugg, Gary D Lopaschuk. Circ Heart Fail 2013
19
Nutritional Ketosis Alters Fuel Preference and Thereby Endurance Performance in Athletes.
Pete J Cox, Tom Kirk, Tom Ashmore, Kristof Willerton, Rhys Evans, Alan Smith, Andrew J Murray, Brianna Stubbs, James West, Stewart W McLure,[...]. Cell Metab 2016
Pete J Cox, Tom Kirk, Tom Ashmore, Kristof Willerton, Rhys Evans, Alan Smith, Andrew J Murray, Brianna Stubbs, James West, Stewart W McLure,[...]. Cell Metab 2016
19
Evolving Concepts of Myocardial Energy Metabolism: More Than Just Fats and Carbohydrates.
Gary D Lopaschuk, John R Ussher. Circ Res 2016
Gary D Lopaschuk, John R Ussher. Circ Res 2016
22
Shift to Fatty Substrate Utilization in Response to Sodium-Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibition in Subjects Without Diabetes and Patients With Type 2 Diabetes.
Ele Ferrannini, Simona Baldi, Silvia Frascerra, Brenno Astiarraga, Tim Heise, Roberto Bizzotto, Andrea Mari, Thomas R Pieber, Elza Muscelli. Diabetes 2016
Ele Ferrannini, Simona Baldi, Silvia Frascerra, Brenno Astiarraga, Tim Heise, Roberto Bizzotto, Andrea Mari, Thomas R Pieber, Elza Muscelli. Diabetes 2016
19
β-Hydroxybutyrate elevation as a compensatory response against oxidative stress in cardiomyocytes.
Manabu Nagao, Ryuji Toh, Yasuhiro Irino, Takeshige Mori, Hideto Nakajima, Tetsuya Hara, Tomoyuki Honjo, Seimi Satomi-Kobayashi, Toshiro Shinke, Hidekazu Tanaka,[...]. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016
Manabu Nagao, Ryuji Toh, Yasuhiro Irino, Takeshige Mori, Hideto Nakajima, Tetsuya Hara, Tomoyuki Honjo, Seimi Satomi-Kobayashi, Toshiro Shinke, Hidekazu Tanaka,[...]. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2016
26
The diabetic heart utilizes ketone bodies as an energy source.
Yuji Mizuno, Eisaku Harada, Hitoshi Nakagawa, Yoshinobu Morikawa, Makoto Shono, Fumihito Kugimiya, Michihiro Yoshimura, Hirofumi Yasue. Metabolism 2017
Yuji Mizuno, Eisaku Harada, Hitoshi Nakagawa, Yoshinobu Morikawa, Makoto Shono, Fumihito Kugimiya, Michihiro Yoshimura, Hirofumi Yasue. Metabolism 2017
19
Sodium-glucose co-transporter 2 inhibition with empagliflozin improves cardiac function in non-diabetic rats with left ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction.
Salva R Yurista, Herman H W Silljé, Silke U Oberdorf-Maass, Elisabeth-Maria Schouten, Mario G Pavez Giani, Jan-Luuk Hillebrands, Harry van Goor, Dirk J van Veldhuisen, Rudolf A de Boer, B Daan Westenbrink. Eur J Heart Fail 2019
Salva R Yurista, Herman H W Silljé, Silke U Oberdorf-Maass, Elisabeth-Maria Schouten, Mario G Pavez Giani, Jan-Luuk Hillebrands, Harry van Goor, Dirk J van Veldhuisen, Rudolf A de Boer, B Daan Westenbrink. Eur J Heart Fail 2019
19
Ketone Body Infusion With 3-Hydroxybutyrate Reduces Myocardial Glucose Uptake and Increases Blood Flow in Humans: A Positron Emission Tomography Study.
Lars C Gormsen, Mads Svart, Henrik Holm Thomsen, Esben Søndergaard, Mikkel H Vendelbo, Nana Christensen, Lars Poulsen Tolbod, Hendrik Johannes Harms, Roni Nielsen, Henrik Wiggers,[...]. J Am Heart Assoc 2017
Lars C Gormsen, Mads Svart, Henrik Holm Thomsen, Esben Søndergaard, Mikkel H Vendelbo, Nana Christensen, Lars Poulsen Tolbod, Hendrik Johannes Harms, Roni Nielsen, Henrik Wiggers,[...]. J Am Heart Assoc 2017
19
Implications of Altered Ketone Metabolism and Therapeutic Ketosis in Heart Failure.
Senthil Selvaraj, Daniel P Kelly, Kenneth B Margulies. Circulation 2020
Senthil Selvaraj, Daniel P Kelly, Kenneth B Margulies. Circulation 2020
29
Pressure-overload-induced heart failure induces a selective reduction in glucose oxidation at physiological afterload.
Pavel Zhabyeyev, Manoj Gandhi, Jun Mori, Ratnadeep Basu, Zamaneh Kassiri, Alexander Clanachan, Gary D Lopaschuk, Gavin Y Oudit. Cardiovasc Res 2013
Pavel Zhabyeyev, Manoj Gandhi, Jun Mori, Ratnadeep Basu, Zamaneh Kassiri, Alexander Clanachan, Gary D Lopaschuk, Gavin Y Oudit. Cardiovasc Res 2013
17
Catabolic Defect of Branched-Chain Amino Acids Promotes Heart Failure.
Haipeng Sun, Kristine C Olson, Chen Gao, Domenick A Prosdocimo, Meiyi Zhou, Zhihua Wang, Darwin Jeyaraj, Ji-Youn Youn, Shuxun Ren, Yunxia Liu,[...]. Circulation 2016
Haipeng Sun, Kristine C Olson, Chen Gao, Domenick A Prosdocimo, Meiyi Zhou, Zhihua Wang, Darwin Jeyaraj, Ji-Youn Youn, Shuxun Ren, Yunxia Liu,[...]. Circulation 2016
17
SGLT2 inhibition modulates NLRP3 inflammasome activity via ketones and insulin in diabetes with cardiovascular disease.
So Ra Kim, Sang-Guk Lee, Soo Hyun Kim, Jin Hee Kim, Eunhye Choi, Wonhee Cho, John Hoon Rim, Inhwa Hwang, Chan Joo Lee, Minyoung Lee,[...]. Nat Commun 2020
So Ra Kim, Sang-Guk Lee, Soo Hyun Kim, Jin Hee Kim, Eunhye Choi, Wonhee Cho, John Hoon Rim, Inhwa Hwang, Chan Joo Lee, Minyoung Lee,[...]. Nat Commun 2020
17
Ketone Ester Treatment Improves Cardiac Function and Reduces Pathologic Remodeling in Preclinical Models of Heart Failure.
Salva R Yurista, Timothy R Matsuura, Herman H W Silljé, Kirsten T Nijholt, Kendra S McDaid, Swapnil V Shewale, Teresa C Leone, John C Newman, Eric Verdin, Dirk J van Veldhuisen,[...]. Circ Heart Fail 2021
Salva R Yurista, Timothy R Matsuura, Herman H W Silljé, Kirsten T Nijholt, Kendra S McDaid, Swapnil V Shewale, Teresa C Leone, John C Newman, Eric Verdin, Dirk J van Veldhuisen,[...]. Circ Heart Fail 2021
40
Ketone bodies as signaling metabolites.
John C Newman, Eric Verdin. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2014
John C Newman, Eric Verdin. Trends Endocrinol Metab 2014
16
Altered myocardial fatty acid and glucose metabolism in idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy.
Víctor G Dávila-Román, Giridhar Vedala, Pilar Herrero, Lisa de las Fuentes, Joseph G Rogers, Daniel P Kelly, Robert J Gropler. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002
Víctor G Dávila-Román, Giridhar Vedala, Pilar Herrero, Lisa de las Fuentes, Joseph G Rogers, Daniel P Kelly, Robert J Gropler. J Am Coll Cardiol 2002
16
Fatty acid oxidation enzyme gene expression is downregulated in the failing heart.
M N Sack, T A Rader, S Park, J Bastin, S A McCune, D P Kelly. Circulation 1996
M N Sack, T A Rader, S Park, J Bastin, S A McCune, D P Kelly. Circulation 1996
16
Comprehensive quantification of fuel use by the failing and nonfailing human heart.
Danielle Murashige, Cholsoon Jang, Michael Neinast, Jonathan J Edwards, Alexis Cowan, Matthew C Hyman, Joshua D Rabinowitz, David S Frankel, Zolt Arany. Science 2020
Danielle Murashige, Cholsoon Jang, Michael Neinast, Jonathan J Edwards, Alexis Cowan, Matthew C Hyman, Joshua D Rabinowitz, David S Frankel, Zolt Arany. Science 2020
16
Physiological roles of ketone bodies as substrates and signals in mammalian tissues.
A M Robinson, D H Williamson. Physiol Rev 1980
A M Robinson, D H Williamson. Physiol Rev 1980
14
Cardiac-specific deletion of acetyl CoA carboxylase 2 prevents metabolic remodeling during pressure-overload hypertrophy.
Stephen C Kolwicz, David P Olson, Luke C Marney, Lorena Garcia-Menendez, Robert E Synovec, Rong Tian. Circ Res 2012
Stephen C Kolwicz, David P Olson, Luke C Marney, Lorena Garcia-Menendez, Robert E Synovec, Rong Tian. Circ Res 2012
14
Adaptation of myocardial substrate metabolism to a ketogenic nutrient environment.
Anna E Wentz, D André d'Avignon, Mary L Weber, David G Cotter, Jason M Doherty, Robnet Kerns, Rakesh Nagarajan, Naveen Reddy, Nandakumar Sambandam, Peter A Crawford. J Biol Chem 2010
Anna E Wentz, D André d'Avignon, Mary L Weber, David G Cotter, Jason M Doherty, Robnet Kerns, Rakesh Nagarajan, Naveen Reddy, Nandakumar Sambandam, Peter A Crawford. J Biol Chem 2010
14
Canagliflozin and Cardiovascular and Renal Events in Type 2 Diabetes.
Bruce Neal, Vlado Perkovic, Kenneth W Mahaffey, Dick de Zeeuw, Greg Fulcher, Ngozi Erondu, Wayne Shaw, Gordon Law, Mehul Desai, David R Matthews. N Engl J Med 2017
Bruce Neal, Vlado Perkovic, Kenneth W Mahaffey, Dick de Zeeuw, Greg Fulcher, Ngozi Erondu, Wayne Shaw, Gordon Law, Mehul Desai, David R Matthews. N Engl J Med 2017
14
Cardiovascular and Renal Outcomes with Empagliflozin in Heart Failure.
Milton Packer, Stefan D Anker, Javed Butler, Gerasimos Filippatos, Stuart J Pocock, Peter Carson, James Januzzi, Subodh Verma, Hiroyuki Tsutsui, Martina Brueckmann,[...]. N Engl J Med 2020
Milton Packer, Stefan D Anker, Javed Butler, Gerasimos Filippatos, Stuart J Pocock, Peter Carson, James Januzzi, Subodh Verma, Hiroyuki Tsutsui, Martina Brueckmann,[...]. N Engl J Med 2020
14
Insulin, ketone bodies, and mitochondrial energy transduction.
K Sato, Y Kashiwaya, C A Keon, N Tsuchiya, M T King, G K Radda, B Chance, K Clarke, R L Veech. FASEB J 1995
K Sato, Y Kashiwaya, C A Keon, N Tsuchiya, M T King, G K Radda, B Chance, K Clarke, R L Veech. FASEB J 1995
13
Contribution of oxidative metabolism and glycolysis to ATP production in hypertrophied hearts.
M F Allard, B O Schönekess, S L Henning, D R English, G D Lopaschuk. Am J Physiol 1994
M F Allard, B O Schönekess, S L Henning, D R English, G D Lopaschuk. Am J Physiol 1994
13
Co-cited is the co-citation frequency, indicating how many articles cite the article together with the query article. Similarity is the co-citation as percentage of the times cited of the query article or the article in the search results, whichever is the lowest. These numbers are calculated for the last 100 citations when articles are cited more than 100 times.